Cyrtomium micropterum

holly fern

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Taxonomy

Common Names

holly fern

Context

nativeRegion

East Asia, particularly China and Japan.

usdaZones

7–10

companionPlants

Asarum, Polygonatum, Hosta, Epimedium, Trillium

culturalUses

Ornamental use in shaded gardens and as a potted houseplant; valued for its resilience and foliage texture.

Care

LightPrefers bright, filtered light or partial shade; avoid direct intense sunlight.

WateringKeep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; allow the surface to dry slightly between waterings.

SoilWell-draining, humus-rich soil with good moisture retention; tolerate slightly acidic to neutral pH.

FertilizerApply balanced, diluted liquid fertilizer monthly during active growth (spring and summer); reduce or stop in fall and winter.

HumidityThrives in moderate to high humidity; misting or a humidity tray can help in drier indoor conditions.

TemperatureOptimal range is 10–25°C (50–77°F); protect from frost and cold drafts.

HabitEvergreen, clump-forming fern with pinnate fronds.

Mature SizeTypically 30–60 cm (12–24 inches) in height and spread.

Growth RateModerate growth rate.

BloomingNon-flowering; reproduces by spores.

DormancyMinimal dormancy; growth slows in cooler months but remains evergreen.

MethodsDivision, Spores

DifficultyModerate

Best SeasonSpring (for division) or late spring/summer (for spore sowing)

PruningRemove dead or damaged fronds to promote airflow and appearance.

RepottingRepot every 2–3 years or when overcrowded, preferably in spring.

Pests & DiseasesGenerally pest-resistant; may occasionally encounter scale, aphids, or root rot if overwatered.

ToxicityConsidered non-toxic to pets and humans.

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