Nephrolepis exaltata

Boston fern

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Taxonomy

Common Names

Boston fernSword fern

Context

nativeRegion

Tropical and subtropical regions, notably the Americas, West Indies, and Africa.

usdaZones

9–12 outdoors; commonly grown indoors elsewhere.

companionPlants

Aspidistra, Calathea, Spathiphyllum, Fittonia

culturalUses

Popular as a decorative houseplant for its attractive, air-purifying fronds. Used in hanging baskets and shaded garden beds.

Care

LightPrefers bright, indirect light but can tolerate some shade. Avoid direct afternoon sun, which can scorch the fronds.

WateringKeep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water when the top inch of soil feels dry. Sensitive to drought and prefers humidity.

SoilWell-draining, rich organic soil. A peat-based potting mix with some perlite or sand is ideal.

FertilizerFeed with a balanced liquid fertilizer monthly during the growing season (spring and summer). Reduce feeding in winter.

HumidityThrives in high humidity. Misting, pebble trays, or placing near a humidifier can help in dry conditions.

TemperatureOptimal range is 16–24°C (60–75°F). Protect from cold drafts and avoid temperatures below 12°C (54°F).

HabitEvergreen, clumping fern with arching, feathery fronds.

Mature SizeTypically 40–90 cm (16–35 in) tall and wide.

Growth RateModerate, faster in warm, humid conditions.

BloomingNon-flowering (reproduces via spores).

DormancyNo true dormancy, but growth may slow in cooler months.

MethodsDivision, Spores

DifficultyEasy (division), Moderate (spores)

Best SeasonSpring or early summer

PruningRemove dead or damaged fronds regularly to encourage healthy growth.

RepottingRepot every 1-2 years or when rootbound, ideally in spring.

Pests & DiseasesSusceptible to spider mites, mealybugs, and scale. Watch for root rot if overwatered.

ToxicityNon-toxic to cats, dogs, and humans.

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