Saintpaulia ionantha
Saintpaulia ionantha
African violet
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Taxonomy
Family Gesneriaceae · Genus Saintpaulia
Common Names
African violet
Context
nativeRegion
Eastern tropical Africa (mainly Tanzania and Kenya).
usdaZones
10–11 (grown as an indoor plant in most regions).
companionPlants
Ferns, Peperomia, Begonia, Fittonia
culturalUses
Primarily ornamental; very popular as a houseplant worldwide due to its compact form and attractive flowers.
Care
Care Requirements
LightBright, indirect light; avoid direct sun, which can scorch leaves.
WateringKeep soil consistently moist but not soggy; water from below to prevent crown rot.
SoilWell-draining, loose potting mix rich in organic matter; African violet specific soil is ideal.
FertilizerUse a balanced, diluted liquid fertilizer every 2-4 weeks during the growing season.
HumidityPrefers higher humidity (50-60%); avoid allowing water to sit on leaves.
TemperatureOptimal range is 18–24°C (65–75°F); sensitive to cold drafts and temperature fluctuations.
Growth & Life Cycle
HabitLow-growing, rosette-forming perennial herb.
Mature Size5–15 cm tall, 10–20 cm wide.
Growth RateModerate to fast growth in suitable conditions.
BloomingCan bloom year-round with proper care; clusters of violet, pink, or white flowers.
DormancyNo marked dormancy period, but may slow growth in cooler or lower light conditions.
Propagation
Methodsleaf cuttings, division, seed
DifficultyEasy to moderate (leaf cuttings are most common and successful).
Best SeasonSpring and summer for quickest rooting.
Maintenance & Notes
PruningRemove faded flowers and damaged leaves regularly to encourage new growth.
RepottingRepot annually or when the plant outgrows its pot.
Pests & DiseasesSusceptible to mealybugs, cyclamen mites, powdery mildew, and root rot if overwatered.
ToxicityNon-toxic to pets and humans.
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