Ficus elastica
Ficus elastica
Rubber fig
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Common Names
Rubber figRubber treeRubber plant
Context
nativeRegion
Eastern Himalayas to Southeast Asia
usdaZones
10-12 outdoors; grown as a houseplant elsewhere
companionPlants
Monstera deliciosa, Philodendron spp., Dracaena marginata
culturalUses
Popular indoor ornamental; latex was once a commercial source of rubber.
Care
Care Requirements
LightBright, indirect sunlight is ideal; can tolerate lower light but may lose vigor.
WateringWater when the top 1-2 inches of soil are dry; avoid overwatering.
SoilWell-draining potting mix, ideally peat-based with perlite or sand.
FertilizerFeed monthly during spring and summer with a balanced liquid fertilizer.
HumidityPrefers moderate to high humidity but adapts to average household levels.
TemperatureThrives between 60-75°F (16-24°C); sensitive to cold drafts.
Growth & Life Cycle
HabitEvergreen tree or shrub with large, leathery leaves.
Mature SizeUp to 10 feet (3 m) indoors, much taller outdoors in suitable climates.
Growth RateModerate to fast growth under ideal conditions.
BloomingRarely flowers indoors; insignificant small blossoms if present.
DormancyNo true dormancy but growth slows in winter.
Propagation
MethodsStem cuttings, Air layering
DifficultyEasy to moderate
Best SeasonSpring or early summer
Maintenance & Notes
PruningPrune to control shape and encourage bushier growth.
RepottingRepot every 2-3 years or when root-bound.
Pests & DiseasesSusceptible to scale, spider mites, mealybugs, and root rot if overwatered.
ToxicityToxic to pets and mildly toxic to humans if ingested; sap may irritate skin.