Coffea arabica
Coffea arabica
Arabica coffee
◆
Common Names
Arabica coffeeCoffee plant
Context
nativeRegion
Ethiopian highlands (East Africa).
usdaZones
10–11 (outdoor); commonly grown as a houseplant in cooler climates.
companionPlants
Citrus species, Musa (banana), Piper nigrum (black pepper)
culturalUses
Primary source of Arabica coffee beans, globally important beverage crop; also ornamental.
Care
Care Requirements
LightBright, indirect light; avoid direct midday sun which can scorch the leaves.
WateringKeep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; water when the top inch feels dry.
SoilRich, well-draining, slightly acidic soil (pH 6-6.5) with good organic content.
FertilizerFeed every 4-6 weeks during the growth season with balanced, diluted fertilizer.
HumidityPrefers high humidity (50% or higher); mist leaves or use a humidity tray if indoors.
TemperatureOptimal range is 18–24°C (65–75°F); sensitive to frost and cold drafts.
Growth & Life Cycle
HabitEvergreen shrub or small tree, bushy and multi-stemmed.
Mature SizeUp to 2–3 m (6–10 ft) indoors or 5–8 m (16–26 ft) outdoors in wild.
Growth RateModerate grower; may produce berries within 3–5 years under ideal conditions.
BloomingSmall, fragrant white flowers, usually appearing in spring.
DormancyNo true dormancy; slows growth in cooler or drier periods.
Propagation
MethodsSeed, Cuttings
DifficultyModerate (seeds require fresh viability and patience; cuttings can be tricky to root).
Best SeasonSpring or early summer.
Maintenance & Notes
PruningPrune to shape and control size after fruiting or as needed.
RepottingRepot every 2–3 years or when rootbound, preferably in spring.
Pests & DiseasesWatch for spider mites, scale, mealybugs, and fungal leaf spots.
ToxicityNon-toxic to humans and pets, though caffeinated parts should not be consumed by pets.
Recent Public Plants
No public plants yet.